Iska sabon tushen makamashi ne mai girma mai girma.A farkon ƙarni na goma sha takwas, wata mummunar iska da ta mamaye Biritaniya da Faransa ta lalata injinan iskar 400, gidaje 800, majami’u 100, da jiragen ruwa fiye da 400.Dubban mutane ne suka jikkata, sannan an tumbuke manyan itatuwa 250,000.Dangane da jan bishiya, iska na iya fitar da karfin dawakai miliyan 10 (wato kilowatt miliyan 7.5; karfin doki daya yana daidai da kilowatts 0.75) cikin ‘yan dakiku kadan!Wani ya yi kiyasin cewa albarkatun iskar da ake samu don samar da wutar lantarki a duniya sun kai kimanin kilowatt biliyan 10, kusan sau 10 na samar da wutar lantarki a duniya.Makamashin da ake samu ta hanyar kona gawayi kowace shekara a duniya kashi daya bisa uku ne kawai na makamashin da iskar ta ke samarwa a cikin shekara guda.Don haka, kasashen cikin gida da na waje suna dora muhimmanci sosai kan amfani da wutar lantarki wajen samar da wutar lantarki da samar da sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi.
Ƙoƙarin amfani da wutar lantarkin ya fara ne tun farkon ƙarni na ashirin.A cikin shekarun 1930, Denmark, Sweden, Tarayyar Soviet da Amurka sun yi nasarar kera wasu ƙananan na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar amfani da fasahar rotor daga masana'antar sufurin jiragen sama.Irin wannan ƙananan injin turbin na iska ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin tsibirai masu iska da ƙauyuka masu nisa.Farashin wutar lantarki da yake samu ya yi ƙasa da na ƙaramin injin konewa na ciki.Duk da haka, wutar lantarki a lokacin ba ta da yawa, yawanci kasa da kilowatt 5.
An fahimci cewa an samar da injinan iska mai nauyin kilowatt 15, 40, 45, 100, da 225 a kasashen waje.A cikin Janairu 1978, Amurka ta gina injin turbin mai tsawon kilowatt 200 a Clayton, New Mexico, mai tsayin mitoci 38 tare da samar da isasshen wutar lantarki ga gidaje 60.A farkon lokacin rani na shekara ta 1978, tashar wutar lantarki da aka fara aiki a yammacin gabar tekun Jutland, Denmark, tana da karfin samar da wutar lantarki mai karfin kilowatt 2,000.Tsawon injin injin iskar ya kai mita 57.75% na samar da wutar lantarki ana aika zuwa grid, sauran kuma makarantar da ke kusa ce ke amfani da su..
A farkon rabin shekarar 1979, Amurka ta gina injin niƙa mafi girma a duniya don samar da wutar lantarki a Dutsen Blue Ridge na Arewacin Carolina.Wannan injin niƙa mai tsayin benaye goma, kuma ƙarfensa na da diamita na mita 60;an shigar da ruwan wukake a kan wani gini mai siffar hasumiya, don haka injin injin na iya jujjuyawa cikin yardar kaina kuma ya sami wutar lantarki daga kowace hanya;Lokacin da iskar ta wuce kilomita 38 a cikin sa'a guda, karfin samar da wutar lantarki kuma ya kai kilowatts 2000.Tunda matsakaicin gudun iska a wannan yanki mai tuddai yana da kilomita 29 ne kawai a cikin sa'a, duk injin niƙa ba zai iya motsawa ba.An kiyasta cewa ko da rabin shekara ne kawai, zai iya biyan 1% zuwa 2% na bukatun wutar lantarki na kananan hukumomi bakwai a North Carolina.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-12-2021
