Iska sabuwar hanyar makamashi ce mai albarka, tun daga farkon karni na 18
Wata mummunar guguwa ta mamaye Ingila da Faransa, ta lalata injinan iska 400, gidaje 800, majami'u 100, da jiragen ruwa sama da 400.Dubban mutane ne suka jikkata kuma an tumbuke manyan bishiyoyi 250000.Dangane da batun tumbuke itatuwa kadai, iskar ta fitar da karfin dawaki miliyan 10 (watau kilowatt miliyan 7.5; karfin doki daya dai dai ya kai kilowatt 0.75) cikin ‘yan dakiku kadan!Wasu mutane sun yi kiyasin cewa albarkatun iskar da ake da su don samar da wutar lantarki a duniya sun kai kilowatt biliyan 10, kusan sau 10 na samar da wutar lantarki a duniya a yanzu.A halin yanzu, makamashin da ake samu daga kona kwal a duniya a kowace shekara, kashi ɗaya bisa uku ne kawai na makamashin da wutar lantarki ke samarwa a cikin shekara guda.Don haka, a cikin gida da ma na duniya suna ba da muhimmanci sosai ga amfani da wutar lantarki don samar da wutar lantarki da haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi.
Ƙoƙarin yin amfani da wutar lantarkin ya fara ne tun farkon ƙarni na 20.A cikin 1930s, Denmark, Sweden, Tarayyar Soviet, da Amurka sun yi amfani da fasahar rotor daga masana'antar sufurin jiragen sama don samun nasarar haɓaka wasu ƙananan kamfanonin wutar lantarki.Irin wannan kananan injinan iskar da ake amfani da su a cikin tsibiran da ke da iska da kuma kauyuka masu nisa, kuma kudin wutar lantarkin ya yi kasa da tsadar wutar lantarki ta hanyar samar da kananan injin konewa na ciki.Duk da haka, wutar lantarki a lokacin ba ta da yawa, yawanci ƙasa da kilowatt 5.
Mun samar da 15, 40, 45100225 kilowatts na injin turbin iska.A cikin Janairu 1978, Amurka ta gina injin turbin mai nauyin kilowatt 200 a Clayton, New Mexico, tare da diamita na mita 38 da isasshen wutar lantarki don samar da wutar lantarki ga gidaje 60.A farkon lokacin rani na 1978, na'urar samar da wutar lantarki da aka fara aiki a gabar tekun yammacin Jutland, Denmark, ta samar da wutar lantarki mai nauyin kilowatt 2000.Tsawon injin injin iskar ya kai mita 57.Kashi 75% na wutar lantarkin da aka samar an aika zuwa ga grid, sauran kuma an ba su wata makaranta da ke kusa.
A farkon rabin shekarar 1979, Amurka ta gina babbar injin niƙa don samar da wutar lantarki a kan tsaunukan Blue Ridge a Arewacin Carolina.Wannan injin niƙa mai tsayi yana da hawa goma, kuma diamita na ƙarfensa ya kai mita 60;Ana shigar da ruwan wukake a kan ginin hasumiya mai siffa, don haka injin injin na iya jujjuyawa cikin yardar kaina kuma ya karɓi wutar lantarki daga kowace hanya;Lokacin da iskar ta wuce kilomita 38 a cikin sa'a guda, karfin samar da wutar lantarki kuma zai iya kaiwa kilowatts 2000.Sakamakon matsakaitawar iskar da ke tafiyar kilomita 29 a cikin sa'a guda a wannan yanki mai tuddai, injin injin din ba zai iya motsawa gaba daya ba.An kiyasta cewa ko da rabin shekara kawai yana aiki, zai iya biyan 1% zuwa 2% na bukatun wutar lantarki na kananan hukumomi bakwai a North Carolina.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-06-2023
